Trauma is a physical and emotional response to an overwhelming and distressing event. When our body is exposed to traumatic situations, it activates the fight or flight response, a natural survival mechanism designed to protect us from harm. During a traumatic event, the body releases stress hormones and triggers physical changes that help us respond to the threat. Still, these changes can have long-lasting effects on our health and well-being. Here's what happens in the body during a traumatic event:

The Fight or Flight Response

When we experience a traumatic event, the body activates the fight or flight response, a natural survival mechanism designed to help us escape danger. This response is characterized by a rapid release of stress hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol, which increase our heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure. The body prepares for action, and the fight or flight response is designed to give us the energy and strength to defend ourselves or run away from danger.

Muscle Tension

During a traumatic event, the body also prepares itself for action by tensing up the muscles. This muscle tension helps us to be ready for action, but it can also cause physical pain and discomfort. In some cases, the muscle tension can persist long after the traumatic event, contributing to chronic muscle pain and stiffness.

Hyperarousal

Hyperarousal is a state of heightened awareness that occurs in response to a traumatic event. This heightened awareness is a natural response to danger but can also result in anxiety, sleep problems, and irritability. When the body is in a state of hyperarousal, it is always on guard, which can make it difficult to relax and feel safe.

Suppressed Immune System

The stress response caused by trauma can suppress the immune system, making it more difficult for the body to fight infections and illnesses. This immune system suppression can last for weeks or even months after the traumatic event. Because of these long-lasting impacts, taking care of your physical health and seeking medical attention if necessary is important.

Interrupted Sleep Patterns

Trauma can also disrupt sleep patterns, causing insomnia, night sweats, and nightmares. This interruption of sleep can contribute to feelings of fatigue, anxiety, and depression. It is important to seek help if you are experiencing sleep problems, as lack of sleep can further exacerbate the physical and emotional symptoms associated with trauma. Understanding what happens in the body during a traumatic event helps us understand the symptoms and effects of trauma better. 

If you want to know more about how trauma affects us, check out my other posts about how trauma impacts the brain.

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